Learning the necessity of CPR could save more lives

In summer, because the weather is hot, it is the period of high incidence of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. If a sudden cardiac arrest is sent to the hospital, it is often easy to miss the best time for rescue, and the doctor is powerless. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation experts say that if someone around has an accident, cardiac arrest, respiratory arrest, etc., grab the gold to save life for 4 minutes, take the correct first aid method, cardiopulmonary resuscitation for the patient, can make the patient get effective rescue.

■ The "witness" scene

First aid is essential.

Cardiac and respiratory arrest occurs, and the tolerance limit of brain cells to hypoxia at room temperature is usually 4 minutes. After 10 minutes, brain cells will have "irreversible necrosis" that is, "unable to recover". Even within well-functioning emergency network communities, it is difficult for first responders to ensure that they are on the scene within four minutes of receiving a report each time. Before the doctor arrives, it is vital that the "witness" is able to help properly.

■ Cardiac arrest

It can happen anywhere

It is reported that 900,000 people die of heart emergencies in the United States every year, and more than two-thirds of them die outside the hospital (home, on the way, in the workplace, in public places, etc.) because they are too sick to save them. By the end of the 20th century, universal resuscitation training had reached 70 million in the United States for first aid. Today, about 1 million people survive their deaths every day. In medically developed countries, one in every three to five people is familiar with the knowledge and skills of resuscitation. In the Netherlands, children as young as 10 years of age are taught about first aid, and in Switzerland, every citizen is required by law to receive resuscitation training.

Experts say that in the 1990s, 88 percent of sudden death cases in Beijing occurred at home, mostly in the middle-aged and elderly, especially those over 60.

▪ On-site first aid resuscitation

Foreign data show that effective on-site first aid can significantly improve the resuscitation rate of patients. To sum up, on-site first aid cardiopulmonary resuscitation can be roughly divided into ten steps.

1. Once a patient with cardiac arrest or respiratory arrest is found nearby, emergency call 120 or 999; At the same time, if the patient is unconscious, you can tap the patient on the shoulder, call to the patient while patting, and ask loudly: "Hello, what's wrong with you -" If you know someone, you can directly call the patient's name.

Two: to determine that the patient is not conscious, to emergency resuscitation, should immediately call the people around to help rescue, the people around the cooperation and help is very important.

Three: put the patient in the resuscitation position, that is, immediately let the patient lie flat on the spot, keep the airway clear, and turn the patient's head to one side.

Four: untie the patient's belt, belt, is beneficial to relax, and convenient for emergency personnel to come after the first aid measures.

Five: clear the occlusions in the mouth and nose, hold the patient's jaw with one hand and pull out with the other; When removing the foreign body by hand, be careful not to be bitten by the patient.

6. Lift the patient's jaw to keep the airway clear.

Seven: Observe whether the patient is breathing. Breathing can be better observed by observing whether the chest and abdomen rise and fall regularly.

Eight: Hold the patient's nose and carry out artificial respiration.

Nine: Touch the carotid artery and observe whether the patient has a heartbeat. In general, the carotid artery should be touched to locate the carotid artery. The fingertips of the index and middle fingers should touch the middle part of the trachea and slide 2 to 3 cm laterally. The medial side of the sternocleidomastoid muscle. Two important things to do if you notice that the patient is not having a pulse or breathing are mouth-to-mouth resuscitation and chest compressions.

Ten: Chest press should pay attention to accurate positioning, moderate force. Left hand palm root in the lower 1/3, chest and right palm root overlap in the left hand on the back of hand, fingers pointing out of the chest wall, double elbow straight and shoulders above the patients with sternal median, press down hard shoulder hand keep vertical (note that the part is wrong, or press the wrong hand, or force is too large, will lead to fracture). The depth of the compressions is 4 to 5 cm, and the frequency of the compressions is 100 to 120 times per minute. The compressions are performed at the same time as the relaxation time chest compressions and artificial respiration at a ratio of 30:2.